Polylactic asidhi (PLA): imwe yenzvimbo ine hushamwari kune mapurasitiki

Polylactic asidhi (PLA): imwe yenzvimbo ine hushamwari kune mapurasitiki

Chii chinonzi PLA?

Polylactic acid, inozivikanwawo sePLA (Polylactic Acid), inonzi thermoplastic monoma inotorwa kubva kune zvinogoneka organic masosi senge chibage starch kana nzimbe kana beet pulp.

Kunyangwe zvakangofanana nemapurasitiki ekare, zvimiro zvawo zvave zviwanikwa zvinogoneka, zvichiita kuti ive imwe yakasarudzika yakasarudzika kune fossil mafuta.

PLA ichiri kabhoni isina kwayakarerekera, inodyiwa, uye inogona kuparara, zvinoreva kuti inogona kuparara zvachose munzvimbo dzakakodzera pane kupaza kuita microplastics inokuvadza.

Nekuda kwekugona kwayo kuora, inowanzoshandiswa sechinhu chekurongedzera mabhegi epurasitiki anoora, mashanga, makapu, ndiro, uye tableware.

PLA yekurongedza zvinhu (1)

Degradation mechanism yePLA

PLA inosangana nekusvibiswa kusiri kwebiological kuburikidza nematanho matatu:

Hydrolysis: Mapoka ester ari mucheni huru akatyoka, zvichikonzera kudzikira kwehuremu hwemamorekuru.

Thermal decomposition: chiitiko chakaomarara chinoguma nekuumbwa kweakasiyana makomisheni, akadai seakareruka mamorekuru, linear uye cyclic oligomers ane akasiyana mamolecular uremu, uye lactide.

Photodegradation: Ultraviolet radiation inogona kukonzera kudzikira. Ichi ndicho chinhu chikuru chinofumura polylactic acid kuchiedza chezuva mupurasitiki, midziyo yekurongedza, uye maficha ekushandisa.

Iyo hydrolysis reaction ndeye:

-COO- + H 2 O → -COOH + -OH

The degradation rate inononoka zvakanyanya pane ambient tembiricha. Chidzidzo che2017 chakawana kuti PLA haina kurasikirwa nemhando mukati megore mumvura yegungwa pa25 ° C (77 ° F), asi chidzidzo hachina kuyera kuora kana kunyura kwemvura kwemacheni epolymer.

PLA yekurongedza zvinhu (2)

Ndedzipi nzvimbo dzekushandisa dzePLA?

1. Zvinhu zvevatengi
PLA inoshandiswa muzvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvevatengi, senge tafura inoraswa, mabhegi ezvitoro ezvitoro, makesi emidziyo yemukicheni, pamwe nemalaptop nemidziyo inobatwa nemaoko.

2. Agriculture
PLA inoshandiswa mufiber fomu kune imwechete fiber hove mitsara uye mambure ezvinomera uye kudzora sora. Inoshandiswa semasaga ejecha, hari dzemaruva, tambo dzekusunga, uye tambo.

3. Kurapa
PLA inogona kuderedzwa kuita lactic acid isingakuvadzi, ichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kushandiswa semidziyo yekurapa nenzira yemaancho, screws, ndiro, mapini, tsvimbo, uye mambure.

PLA yekurongedza zvinhu (3)

Iwo mana akajairika anogoneka ekurasa mamiriro

1. Kudzokorora:
Inogona kuva makemikari recycling kana mechanical recycling. MuBelgium, Galaxy yakatanga yekutanga pilot chirimwa chekugadzirisa makemikari ePLA (Loopla). Kusiyana nemichina yekudzokorodza, tsvina inogona kunge iine zvakasiyana-siyana zvinosvibisa. Polylactic asidhi inogona kudzoserwa nemakemikari semonomers kuburikidza nekupisa kwepolymerization kana hydrolysis. Mushure mekucheneswa, ma monomers anogona kushandiswa kugadzira PLA mbishi pasina kurasikirwa nemidziyo yavo yekutanga.

2. Kompositi:
PLA inogona kuomeswa pasi pemaindasitiri composting mamiriro, kutanga kuburikidza nekemikari hydrolysis, ipapo kuburikidza ne microbial digestion, uye pakupedzisira kuderedzwa. Pasi pemamiriro ekugadzira manyowa eindasitiri (58 ° C (136 ° F)), PLA inogona zvishoma (inenge hafu) kuora mumvura uye carbon dioxide mukati memazuva makumi matanhatu, chikamu chasara chichiora zvishoma nezvishoma pashure pacho, zvichienderana nekujeka kwezvinhu. Munharaunda isina mamiriro anodiwa, kuora kunenge kuchinonoka, kwakafanana nemapurasitiki asiri ehupenyu, ayo asingazoparare zvachose kwemazana kana zviuru zvemakore.

3. Kusvirwa:
PLA inogona kupiswa isina kugadzira chlorine ine makemikari kana simbi inorema, sezvo iine kabhoni, okisijeni, uye maatomu ehydrogen chete. Kupisa yakaraswa PLA kuchagadzira 19.5 MJ/kg (8368 btu/lb) yesimba pasina kusiya chero chasara. Mhedzisiro iyi, pamwe nezvimwe zvakawanikwa, inoratidza kuti kupisa inzira ine hushamwari yezvakatipoteredza yekurapa tsvina polylactic acid.

4. Kurasha:
Kunyangwe PLA ichigona kupinda munzvimbo dzekurasira marara, isarudzo ine hushamwari kwezvakatipoteredza nekuti zvinhu zvinodzikira zvishoma nezvishoma pane tembiricha yepakati, kazhinji zvishoma nezvishoma semamwe mapurasitiki asingaparare.


Nguva yekutumira: Nov-20-2024